2020年7月15日，致力于监督美国保险业应对气候危机行动的Insure Our Future发布一则政策概览，对美国第一个推出关于煤炭和油砂政策的保险公司大都会人寿保险的政策进行了深度分析。 总体的评价是：大都会人寿保险的政策尚不及美国和全球同行的最佳实践。 But MetLife’s policy does not yet match best practices from US and global peers. 根据大都会人寿保险公司最新发布的《可持续发展报告》（第43页），其在2020年6月悄悄采取了一项投资政策，限制对某些煤炭公司的新投资。这项政策规定，该公司的普通账户将“不会对矿工或相关设施进行新的投资，而这些活动的收入中至少有25％来自动力煤”。该政策将 “在2020年底之前实施”。In June 2020, MetLife quietly adopted an investment policy that restricts new investments in some coal companies, according to its most recent Sustainability Report (page 43). The policy states that MetLife’s general account will make “no new investments in miners or utilities deriving 25% or more of their revenue from thermal coal.” This screen will be “implemented prior to year-end 2020.”此外，该公司网站上关于可持续性的常见问题解答表明，大都会人寿不会对持有石油储量中20％以上是油砂的公司进行新投资。Additionally, a Sustainability FAQ on MetLife’s website indicates that MetLife will not make new investments in companies that hold at least 20% of their oil reserves in oil sands.这项新政策使大都会人寿成为美国第一家采用煤炭和/或焦油砂投资政策的主要人寿保险公司。这家总部位于纽约的人寿保险巨头正在加入一项全球范围的保险业运动，将资本从煤炭和油砂中转移出来。迄今为止，已有近30家主要保险公司在煤炭投资方面采取了政策以及十几种措施限制油砂投资。This new policy makes MetLife the first major U.S. life insurer to adopt a policy on coal and/or tar sands investing. The NYC-based life insurance giant is joining a global movement of insurers shifting capital out of coal and tar sands. To date, nearly thirty major insurers have adopted policies on coal investments, and more than a dozen limit tar sands investing.然而，大都会人寿保险的政策不足之处在于现有煤炭控股和第三方资产，以及对煤炭和油砂公司的定义不完整。25％的收入门槛不包括许多多元化煤炭发电和矿业公司，20％的储量标准不包括沥青砂运输公司。However, MetLife’s policy falls short with loopholes for existing coal holdings and third-party assets, as well as incomplete definitions of coal and tar sands companies. The 25% revenue threshold excludes many diversified coal power and mining companies, and the 20% reserves criteria does not account for tar sands transportation companies.该政策也未涉及公司关于人权和土著权利的政策，尤其是自由，优先和知情同意。大都会人寿仍然是达科他输油管道的最大债券持有人，该管道面临土著居民多年的抵抗。上周，尽管地方法院裁定管道必须在获得联邦环境许可证之前清空，但因其拒绝关闭而一度成为新闻。The policy also does not address companies’ policies on human and Indigenous rights, particularly Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC). MetLife remains a top bondholder in the Dakota Access Pipeline, which has faced years of Indigenous-led resistance. Last week, the pipeline was in the news for refusing to shut down, despite a district court ruling that it must be emptied pending a federal environmental permit.大都会人寿的政策受到活动家和股东的持续压力。2019年6月，总部位于英国的人寿保险巨头法通保险从大都会人寿保险撤资，理由是对该公司“缺乏健全的气候治理，不良的风险披露以及对与气候相关机会的了解有限”的担忧。MetLife’s policy follows sustained pressure from activists and shareholders. In June 2019, UK-based life insurance giant Legal & General divested from MetLife, citing concerns around the company’s “lack of robust climate governance, poor risk disclosure and limited visibility over climate related opportunities.”
来源；iGDP
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